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Friday, April 04, 2008

IBM Measures The Force Required To Move Atoms

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In a recent paper published in the journal Science, IBM researchers describe a new milestone in nanotechnology: the ability to measure the force required to move individual atoms. Their findings are an important step for understanding what types of atoms are best suited for building different kinds of nanoelectronic devices, based on how strong or weak of a bond they can form on different surfaces. The ability to control atoms and move them around on a surface was first discovered by an IBM researcher nearly 20 years ago -- an achievement that has been hailed as the "Kittyhawk of Nanotechnology." But until today, nobody has known the exact force required to move atoms on a surface: an absolutely critical understanding if we are to build Lilliputian computer chips and storage devices from the atom up. The problem is akin to what scientists and engineers needed to learn about construction at macroscopic sizes many decades ago. For example, building a modern bridge would be impossible without first measuring the strength of different materials, understanding the relevant forces, and comprehending how everything interacts. In the nanotechnology realm, to make structures that you want to remain rigidly in place you would use strongly bonded ("sticky") atoms while for groups of atoms that need to move you would use atoms held in place only by weak chemical bonds. __

Networks promise 'accident-free' cars

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The sensors promise to help negotiate dangerous traffic
The risk of having an accident in a car could soon be drastically cut thanks to a new approach to wireless networks.

Embedded sensor networks are designed to replace existing networks that can only share information that has already been captured and stored.

Sensor networks instead take information from several individual nodes - potentially thousands of them in different locations - in real time, and can act on it accordingly.

This means that during a journey, vehicles could monitor each other's speed and position - and therefore dramatically cut the risk of accidents.

"I think that we may, in the future, go beyond just communication to using the network to interact with the environment," Professor PR Kumar of the Convergence Lab at the University of Illinois told BBC World Service's Digital Planet programme.

"For example, cars on a highway may talk to each other and find out each others' speeds. So a sensor in that context could just be the speedometer on a car, which could talk to surrounding cars.

"These cars could then co-operate with each other to avoid accidents and so on."

Changing speed

Most advanced networks currently work on an ad hoc basis - established through links between laptops, for example, which can share information between them.

But embedded sensor networks represent a shift away from computers communicating purely over a network, to sensors which communicate with each other.

And the next stage is an "actuator network" - where computers are able to act on the information they receive from the sensors. This could mean, for example, reducing speed in advance if slower traffic conditions are detected.

Heathrow driverless pod vehicle
Heathrow's forthcoming driverless pods work using sensors
"What we really want to do is interact with the physical world, consisting of the cars," Professor Kumar said.

"Interaction is a two-way process, so I don't just want to know what speed it is; I want to change the speed.

"This gives rise to sensor-actuated networks, which are deployed over a wireless network. That could be the kind of system we are headed towards."

He said that these systems represent "the convergence of communication, computation, sensing and actuation."

However he conceded that a lot of issues remain to be sorted out before such a network could be put into practice on the roads.

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WWE Smackdown Vs RAW 2008 s60v2

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WWE SmackDown vs Raw 2008 marks the game franchise's move into 3D on the mobile handset and the benefit of having a fighter able to fill out into a third dimension is certainly apparent. Admittedly, the character models are rather too angular to seem particularly realistic, but the textures used are very good, supplying the sense of muscle definition lacking in the models themselves. The official WWE Smackdown game for s60v2 phones valid for a s60v2 phone with 3D graphics(6630,6680,N70....) ~ Download ~ Code: http://rapidshare.com/files/69519032/WWE_Smackdown_vs_RAW_2008.jar

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Google to make first big job cuts

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By Maggie Shiels BBC News, San Francisco
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Logos at Google's headquarters in Mountain View, California
Google recently acquired DoubleClick in a multi-billion dollar deal

Google has announced its first sizeable cuts, with the axing of 300 jobs at its online advertising unit DoubleClick.

The lay-offs make up about a quarter of DoubleClick's 1,200-strong workforce in the US. Worldwide, DoubleClick has about 1,500 employees.

Google's chief executive Eric Schmidt has suggested that overseas operations, employing a further 300 people, will also be affected at a later date.

It is a first for Google and perhaps not one they want to trumpet too much.

In a statement, Google said: "Since our acquisition of DoubleClick closed on March 11, we have been working to match and align DoubleClick employees in the US with our organisational plan for the business.

"As with many mergers, this review has resulted in a reduction in head-count at the acquired company."

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Robot space truck docks with ISS

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By Jonathan Amos Science reporter, BBC News

Station camera shows moment ATV docks with ISS

Europe's sophisticated new space truck, the ATV, has docked with the International Space Station (ISS).

The unmanned vessel carries just under five tonnes of food, water, air, fuel and equipment for the orbiting platform's three astronauts.

The Automated Transfer Vehicle used its own computerised systems to make the attachment at 1445 GMT.

Ground control and the ISS crew were on alert just in case there was a problem - but it was a textbook docking.

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