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The reign of the silicon chip is over, according to physicists who predict that the conventional silicon chip has no longer than four years left to run.
Meeting at the Institute of Physics’ Condensed Matter and Material Physics conference this week, researchers speculate that the silicon chip will be unable to sustain the same pace of increase in computing power and speed as it has in previous years.
Just as Gordon Moore predicted in 2005, physical limitations of the miniaturised electronic devices of today will eventually lead to silicon chips that are saturated with transistors and incapable of holding any more digital information.
Scientists are now investigating alternative components that may pave the way to faster, more powerful computers of the future and potentially extend Moore’s Law of technological advancement.
One team of researchers at the Leeds University in the UK have proposed to replace silicon chips with carbon nanotubes, which are electrically-conducive tubes of pure carbon that are tens of times thinner than a human hair.
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Today and Tomorrow is Ours
Friday, April 04, 2008
The death of the silicon computer chip
HOW VOIP WORKS? AN EASY WAY
1.) Get a good, fast and reliable Internet connection To use VoIP, you need at least broadband Internet connection, sad to say that dial-up will just frustrate you. There are lots of Internet Service Providers (ISP) today who offer high speed Internet connection via broadband (DSL) or dedicated Internet (ISDN) connection.
2.) Make VoIP calls The next step is to decide what type of VoIP calls you would like to use, there are couple of scenarios about this below:
a.) Computer to Computer VoIP call
This is the “basic VoIP connection”, the caller and the called party’s computers must be online, must have headsets attached to the computers’ sound cards. The computers must be connected to the Internet and must be running VoIP software. Most VoIP softwares available today are free and allow you to connect to any computer running the same software. Skype is the best example of this free software. There is no charge for this type of call and calls can be made to anywhere in the world if you are aware of the IP address (other VoIP softwares use phone number) of the computer you would like to call.
b.) Computer to Phone VoIP call
For this type of VoIP connection to work, one party must be online, running VoIP software and has subscribed to a VoIP provider who offers PC to Phone VoIP calls and vice versa while the other party is using a phone that is not connected to the Internet (regular or mobile phone). Let say for example the caller is the one on the computer with VoIP software and the called party is the one who has a traditional phone. The caller dials the number from the VoIP software running in the computer. The call is then routed through the Internet and was received by the VoIP provider, the VoIP provider with an interconnection to Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) then routes the VoIP call to the called party’s regular or mobile phone.
c.) Phone to Phone VoIP call
You can make/receive VoIP calls using an ordinary telephone or an IP Phone. If you would like to use an analog phone, you must have an Analog Terminal Adapter (ATA). ATA is a device that allows you to use a regular phone unit to make VoIP calls. An ATA must have a valid IP address and must be connected to the Internet. If you would like to use an IP Phone (sometimes called SIP Phone or VoIP Phone), you don’t need an ATA at all, the IP Phone is connected directly to your Ethernet Hub which is connected to your ISP’s baseband or DSL modem.
d.) Analog or mobile phone to another analog or mobile phone VoIP call
“YES, there is such a VoIP call folks”, you won’t notice it but majority of the telephone companies today are starting to migrate their interconnection to other carriers to VoIP. This is pretty simple, you use your regular analog line to call another analog line, your telephone provider then routes the call over a VoIP interconnection to the destination telephone provider (assuming they have VoIP interconnection) using a special commercial-type VoIP equipment (e.g. Quintum or Cisco). You are actually connected to the called party but you are unaware that the conversation is passing through VoIP channels.
NOTE: This type of VoIP call is for telephone companies only, an SMB with a remote office can also use this to dial a number from the remote corporate PBX using their local corporate PBX to save money from long distance calls.
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SKYPE FOR FREE--ALL NEW JAVA SCRIPT
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SippySkype is a FREE Java software (Skype/SIP Bridge/Gateway/Proxy) which allows you to make and receive calls using your SIP/VoIP adapter.
Here are some features of the software:
- Call Skype Users using speed dial or use Skype out.
- SIP to Skype authentication/denial mappings via SIP caller ID and IP blocks - 1.1 or higher
- Skype to SIP authentication/denial mappings via incoming Skype User ID - 1.1 or higher
- Support RFC2833 touchtone decoding (DTMF) - 2.0beta or higher
- Could be used as an endpoint with Asterisk
- Auto play pre-recorded file(s) to SIP callers - 2.0beta or higher
- Incoming SIP Pin number authentication and dialing - 2.0beta or higher
- Open Source - You can modify/fix it if you like.
System requirements:
- Skype Client
- Working Java 1.6.0 or better runtime
- mjsip/mjua 1.6 http://www.mjsip.org/ - Use those included with SippySkype as some bugs have been fixed.
- Skype4Java 1.0 https://developer.skype.com/wiki/Java_API - Unmodified
- SIP/VOIP adapter such as a spa-3102 to make and receive Skype calls or register with a provider or Asterisk.
- Should work where Skype4Java works (windows/linux/osx). (I’m using it on Windows XP)
Bill Gates Last Day At Office
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Astrobotic Technology Google Lunar X-Prize -- $30 million
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Ten teams aligned for Google’s Lunar X Prize competition and are ready to fight for the $30 million Google has put on display. All participants, from five different countries, have one mission: to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2014. The winner will get the $20 million Google had promised in September, while the second place will get $5 million. There will be also $5 million in bonuses for reaching certain places or discovering something new. This Thursday, Space Florida also announced a $2 million bonus to the winning team if they take off from Cape Canaveral. “Florida’s long been recognized as a preeminent leader in any activity that involves our exploration of the moon,” said Steve Kohler, Space Florida president, MSNBC reports. “Part of our effort as a state and as an organization is to continue that legacy. We believe (this competition) will allow the state to become a future hub for commercial projects).” The ten teams that will be competing in Google’s Lunar X Prize are: Aeronautics and Cosmonautics Romanian Association (ARCA) with the “European Space Explorer”, Astrobotic with “Artemis Lander” and “Red Rover”, Chandah with “Shehrezade”, Frednet, LunaTrex with “Tumbleweed”, Micro-Space with “Human Lunar Lander”, Odyssey Moon with “MoonOne (M-1), Quantum3 with “Moondancer”, Southern California Selene Group with “Spirit of Southern California” and Team Italia. “The idea of seeing these rovers on the moon and returning after 40 years…faster than the national programs is really exciting to me,” said Sergey Brin, Google co-founder. “We love entrepreneurship here – it’s worked well for us. So we’re looking forward to the launches in the coming years.” Google’s initiative is set to beat NASA’s plans to return to the moon by at least 6 years…at least in terms of actually reaching the moon. NASA said it will send astronauts to the moon by 2020. Even without a human crew, the ten teams will need to prepare their robotic missions for temperatures of 250 degrees below zero.
On Sept. 13, 2007, Dr. William L. “Red” Whittaker, Astrobotic’s Chief Technology Officer and Lunar Mission Commander declared his intention to pursue the recently announced Google Lunar X Prize. Astrobotic Technology, Inc. is the commercial organization through which Dr. Whittaker plans to carry out the lunar mission as well as engage in potential commercial orbital transfer services and potential cis-lunar services that may be best enabled by leading-edge robotics.
Raytheon has undertaken initial design and planning activities on the project.
Possible roles for Raytheon include engineering management, lander design, and high bandwidth telecommunications. A common goal is for Raytheon to develop key technologies for advanced thrust controlled descent, ascent and movement, including automated topographic scene matching.
Astrobotic is planning for Raytheon to begin work on a contract basis with the scope of Raytheon’s work to be expanded upon completion of certain financing goals by Astrobotic. It is anticipated that 15 or more professional engineers from Raytheon will be devoted to the Astrobotic lunar program.
Dr. Whittaker is the Fredkin Professor of Robotics, Director of the
Raytheon has a legacy of experience in space missions that dates back to the Apollo era, when Raytheon provided solutions for the Saturn launch vehicle, lunar modules, and space suits. Raytheon has deployed more than 100 unique control systems for military and commercial satellites as well as 75 GPS systems for the Department of Defense, civil, commercial and national markets ranging in scope from navigation, transportation, surveying and rescue operations.
IBM Measures The Force Required To Move Atoms
Networks promise 'accident-free' cars
Embedded sensor networks are designed to replace existing networks that can only share information that has already been captured and stored.
Sensor networks instead take information from several individual nodes - potentially thousands of them in different locations - in real time, and can act on it accordingly.
This means that during a journey, vehicles could monitor each other's speed and position - and therefore dramatically cut the risk of accidents.
"I think that we may, in the future, go beyond just communication to using the network to interact with the environment," Professor PR Kumar of the Convergence Lab at the University of Illinois told BBC World Service's Digital Planet programme.
"For example, cars on a highway may talk to each other and find out each others' speeds. So a sensor in that context could just be the speedometer on a car, which could talk to surrounding cars.
"These cars could then co-operate with each other to avoid accidents and so on."
Changing speed
Most advanced networks currently work on an ad hoc basis - established through links between laptops, for example, which can share information between them.
But embedded sensor networks represent a shift away from computers communicating purely over a network, to sensors which communicate with each other.
And the next stage is an "actuator network" - where computers are able to act on the information they receive from the sensors. This could mean, for example, reducing speed in advance if slower traffic conditions are detected.
 Heathrow's forthcoming driverless pods work using sensors |
"Interaction is a two-way process, so I don't just want to know what speed it is; I want to change the speed.
"This gives rise to sensor-actuated networks, which are deployed over a wireless network. That could be the kind of system we are headed towards."
He said that these systems represent "the convergence of communication, computation, sensing and actuation."
However he conceded that a lot of issues remain to be sorted out before such a network could be put into practice on the roads.
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WWE Smackdown Vs RAW 2008 s60v2
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Google to make first big job cuts
 Google recently acquired DoubleClick in a multi-billion dollar deal |
Google has announced its first sizeable cuts, with the axing of 300 jobs at its online advertising unit DoubleClick.
The lay-offs make up about a quarter of DoubleClick's 1,200-strong workforce in the US. Worldwide, DoubleClick has about 1,500 employees.
Google's chief executive Eric Schmidt has suggested that overseas operations, employing a further 300 people, will also be affected at a later date.
It is a first for Google and perhaps not one they want to trumpet too much.
In a statement, Google said: "Since our acquisition of DoubleClick closed on March 11, we have been working to match and align DoubleClick employees in the US with our organisational plan for the business.
"As with many mergers, this review has resulted in a reduction in head-count at the acquired company."
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Robot space truck docks with ISS
Station camera shows moment ATV docks with ISS
Europe's sophisticated new space truck, the ATV, has docked with the International Space Station (ISS).
The unmanned vessel carries just under five tonnes of food, water, air, fuel and equipment for the orbiting platform's three astronauts.
The Automated Transfer Vehicle used its own computerised systems to make the attachment at 1445 GMT.
Ground control and the ISS crew were on alert just in case there was a problem - but it was a textbook docking.
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